功率级无刷直流电动机四象限运行模拟器设计

针对无刷直流电动机（BLDCM）驱动控制器在研发过程中全工况测试困难、测试成本高和研发周期长的问题，提出了一种采用分区间采样和解算方法的、具有四象限运行能力的功率级（PHIL）无刷直流电动机模拟器，替代实物电动机和机械负载装置完成对两两导通控制方式下无刷直流电动机驱动控制器的各项性能测试与可靠性试验。该模拟器由实时仿真器、电动机模拟变换器和多级式双向变换器3部分组成，实时仿真器负责采集被测电动机驱动控制器输出的PWM电压，实时解算电动机模型得到三相电流指令，控制电动机模拟变换器生成三相电流，多级式双向变换器负责维持模拟器输入、输出间的能量平衡关系，从而实现对四象限运行时无刷直流电动机的功率级模拟。实验结果表明:所提出的功率级无刷直流电动机模拟器模拟精度高、实时性好、测试灵活，能够有效替代实物电动机和机械负载装置，满足电动机驱动控制器的测试需求。      

导管装焊精确定位柔性辅助系统的设计与开发

针对运载火箭增压输送系统中的拼焊型管路产品，以实现管路产品焊接的柔性装配为最终目标，开展了装焊精确定位柔性辅助系统的设计与开发。根据拼焊型管路的传统制造模式，焊接装配是采用专用装焊工装保证导管的空间走向和总体尺寸，因而每项导管对应一套专用装焊工装，管路结构的调整将导致原工装的返修甚至报废，造成生产成本高且严重影响导管的研制周期，该问题在研制型号中尤为突出。随着型号越来越多，专用装焊工装数量也显著增多，给工装管理也带来了极大的挑战。本文通过装焊精确定位柔性辅助系统的设计与开发，以导管特征点的坐标为控制指令实现柔性装配系统按照装配要求进行精确走位和定位，以柔性化的装配系统实现不同规格、不同空间走向的拼焊型管路产品的焊接装配。     

Aerodynamic Performance and Aeroacoustic Characteristics of Model Rotor with Anhedral Blade Tip in Hover

Experimental investigation on the aerodynamic performance and aeroacoustic characteristics of model rotors with different tip anhedral angles in hover are conducted in the paper.Three sets of model rotors with blade-tip anhedral angle 0°(reference rotor),20°and 45°respectively are designed to analyze the influence of the anhedral angle on the hovering performance and aeroacoustics of rotor.In the environment of anechoic chamber,the hover experiments under the different collective pitch and blade numbers,are carried out to measure the figure of merit(FM),time history of sound pressure and sound pressure level(SPL)of the three rotor models.Based on test results,the comparison and analysis of hovering performance and aeroacoustic characteristics among the three rotor models have been done.Meanwhile,for the sake of analysis,the rotor wake and blade pressure distribution are simulated by means of computational fluid method(CFD).At last,some conclusions about the effects of blade-tip anhedral angle on the aerodynamic performance and aeroacoustic characteristics in hover are obtained.An anhedral blade tip can enhance the FM of the rotor,and decrease the rotor loads noise to some extent.     

Early analysis of precise orbit and clock offset determination for the satellites of the global BeiDou-3 system

Eight new-generation BeiDou satellites (BeiDou-3) have been launched into Medium Earth Orbit (MEO), allowing for global coverage since March 2018, and they are equipped with new hydrogen atomic clocks and updated rubidium clocks. Firstly, we analyzed the signals for the carrier-to-noise-density ratio (C/N0) and pseudorange multipath (MP) by using international GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) Monitoring and Assessment System (iGMAS) station data, and found that B1C has a lower C/N0, and B2a has the same level of C/N0 as the B1I and B3I signals. For pseudorange multipath, compared with the BeiDou-2 satellites, the obvious systematic variation of MP scatters related to the elevation angle is greatly improved for the BeiDou-3 and BeiDou-3e satellites signals. For the signals of the BeiDou-3 satellites, the order of the Root Mean Square (RMS) values of multipath and noise is B3I?<?B1I?<?B2a?<?B1C. Then, the comparison of the precise orbit determination and clock offset determination for the BeiDou-2, BeiDou-3, and BeiDou-3 experimental (BeiDou-3e) satellites was done by using 10 stations from iGMAS. The 3D precision of the 24?h orbit overlap is 24.55, 25.61, and 23.35?cm for the BeiDou-3, BeiDou-3e, and BeiDou-2 satellites, respectively. BeiDou-3 satellite has a comparable precision to that of the BeiDou-2 satellite. For the precision of clock offset estimation, the Standard Deviation (STD) of the BeiDou-3 MEO satellite is 0.350?ns, which is an improvement of 0.042?ns over that of the BeiDou-2 MEO satellite. The stabilities of the BeiDou-3 and BeiDou-3e onboard clocks are better than those of BeiDou-2 by factors of 2.84 and 1.61 at an averaging time of 1000 and 10,000?s, respectively.     

Fault diagnosis based on measurement reconstruction of HPT exit pressure for turbofan engine

Aero-engine gas path health monitoring plays a critical role in Engine Health Management(EHM). To achieve unbiased estimation, traditional filtering methods have strict requirements on measurement parameters which sometimes cannot be measured in engineering. The most typical one is the High-Pressure Turbine(HPT) exit pressure, which is vital to distinguishing failure modes between different turbines. For the case of an abrupt failure occurring in a single turbine component, a model-based sensor measurement reconstruction method is proposed in this paper. First,to estimate the missing measurements, the forward algorithm and the backward algorithm are developed based on corresponding component models according to the failure hypotheses. Then,a new fault diagnosis logic is designed and the traditional nonlinear filter is improved by adding the measurement estimation module and the health parameter correction module, which uses the reconstructed measurement to complete the health parameters estimation. Simulation results show that the proposed method can well restore the desired measurement and the estimated measurement can be used in the turbofan engine gas path diagnosis. Compared with the diagnosis under the condition of missing sensors, this method can distinguish between different failure modes, quantify the variations of health parameters, and achieve good performance at multiple operating points in the flight envelope.     

Vision-based bio-inspired guidance law for small aerial vehicle

During predation, a flying insect can form a stealth flight path. This behavior is called motion camouflage. Based on the study results of this behavior, the perception and neurology of flying insects, a novel bio-inspired guidance law is proposed for the terminal guidance for small aerial vehicle with charge-coupled device imaging seekers. The kinematics relationship between a small aerial vehicle and target is analyzed, and a two-dimensional guidance law model is established by using artificial neural networks. To compare with the proportional guidance law, the numerical simulations are carried out in the vertical plane and in the horizontal plane respectively. The simulation results show that the ballistic of the small aerial vehicle is straighter and the normal acceleration is smaller by using the bio-inspired guidance law than by using the proportional guidance law. That is to say, the bio-inspired guidance law just uses the information of the target from the imaging seeker,but the performance of it can be better than that of the proportional guidance law.     

TOPSAR data focusing based on azimuth scaling preprocessing

Both Doppler spectral aliasing and azimuth output time folding simultaneously exist in TOPSAR (Terrain Observation by Progressive Scans) raw data. Resampling in both Doppler frequency and azimuth time domain can resolve the azimuth aliasing problem but with the seriously increased computational complexity and memory consumption. According to the special characteristics of TOPSAR raw data support in the slow time/frequency domain (TFD), the presented azimuth scaling preprocessing step is introduced to not only resolve the Doppler spectral aliasing problem but also reduce the increased azimuth samples. Furthermore, the correction of sawtoothed azimuth antenna pattern (AAP) becomes easy to be implemented. The following conventional stripmap processor can be adopted to focus the residual TOPSAR raw data but with the result of azimuth aliased TOPSAR image. The mosaic approach, which has been presented to unfold azimuth aliased ScanSAR image, is exploited to resolve the problem of azimuth output folding in TOPSAR mode. Simulation results and pulse response parameters are given to validate the presented imaging approach.     

高职英语口语教材编写刍议

研究分析发现,高职院校的学生迫切需要学到与工作实际相贴近的英语交流技能,因此,笔者拟从教材编写的实用性和科学性的角度,对英语口语教材的编写进行分析,如教材编写的依据和内容等等,探讨以实际工作情景教学为基础的、具有专业群特色的英语口语教材的编写。     

基于风洞试验的非定常空气动力模型识别

在某飞机模型大振幅风洞试验的基础上,分析讨论了单自由度叠加模型、动导数模型、混合模型和非定常模型的适用性.结果表明,单自由度叠加模型、动导数模型和混合模型在小攻角时均是可用的,在大攻角时都不能正确反映飞机的非定常迟滞特性;但与前两种模型相比,混合模型在中等攻角时仍然适用.对于非定常模型,无论在小攻角还是大攻角时,均能较好地反映耦合运动的非定常气动特性.     

后缘小翼型智能旋翼桨叶模型设计分析与试验研究

提出了一种基于推挽式双X压电驱动机构的后缘小翼型智能旋翼方案,开展了后缘小翼型智能旋翼模型的设计分析与试验研究.空载试验主要用于验证驱动机构的驱动特性,测试了压电堆和驱动机构的静态输出;为了验证悬停时小翼在铰链力矩作用下驱动机构能否有效驱动后缘小翼,进行了加载试验.试验采用线性霍尔传感嚣对推挽式双X型驱动机构在不同电压和频率驱动下小翼的偏转角度进行了测量.理论分析与试验测试结果基本吻合,压电驱动机构能够有效驱动后缘小翼,该智能旋翼方案是合理和可行的.